This timeline aims to provide a simple list which puts together in one place:
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the dates of the kings and queens of England
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key historical events, mostly for the UK
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the dates for which significant classes of record existed or when they were modified in form (yellow)
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key dates of ap Adam, Badham and variant references (blue).
1120
Pipe Rolls to 1831 recording accounts from the Sheriffs, etc.
1199
ANGEVIN (from 1154)
John, 27 May
1199
First Chancery Roll series of records which contain grants of titles, land and privileges, continue to 1937.
1200
1201
First surviving Patent Roll, these continue to 1920.
1205
First of Close Rolls, Crown grants of many kinds, part of Court of Chancery records, continue to 1903.
1211
to 1212 King John campaigns against the Welsh.
1213
Llewelyn ab Iorwerth starts a period of successful conquest of English and Marcher holdings.
1215
First version of Magna Carta accepted by King John at Runnymede although quickly repudiated, one milestone in the struggles between the Crown and the barons, includes the expression 'law of the March'.
1216
PLANTAGENETS
Henry lll (9 years old)
28 Oct
1218
Treaty of Worcester with Llewelyn the Great.
1219
Rise of Hubert de Burgh, King's Justicar, powerful in Wales to his fall in 1232.
1223
Llywelyn ab Iorwerth has setbacks.
1231
Llywelyn active again for a while in alliance with Richard Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke to 1234.
1235
Morgan ap Howell cedes Caerleon.
1240
Death of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, his heir. Dafydd forced to submit to Henry lll in 1241.
Around this date Inquisitions Post Mortem (Escheats) start to survive until the abolition of feudal tenure in 1660. Held after the death of a tenant of the Crown they record estates / manors held, details of the widow and heir and sometimes subtenants, etc.
1244
1245 Welsh Revolt started under Gryffudd ab Iorwerth ab Llywelyn who is killed 1244.
1245
Reginald ap Adam, Nicholas ap Adam, Ralph de Knovill, Maud Luvel of Trileck and others, witness charter giving lands to Tintern Abbey.
1246
Death of Dafydd ab Iorwerth ab Llewelyn.
1246
Charter to Adam ap Iorwerth, Steward of Gwent confirming his lands in Gwent.
1246
Reynulph/Reginald ap Adam Lord of Allt y bela and Llanbadoc Gwent (near Usk) dead by 1267.
1258
Simon de Montfort and 6 barons demand Henry lll reforms his administration and Henry accepts reform proposals.
Committee of 24 appointed by Council of Oxford to produce Provisions of Oxford. Council of barons elected to control administration jointly with King. Henry and barons take oath to observe Provisions.
Edward agrees to Provisions.
1259
Provisions of Westminster: permanent changes to legal system as proposed by barons.
1260
Hereford Cathedral chained library built.
1261
Papal bull published absolving Henry from oath to maintain reforms.
1262
Ashperton, Herefordshire, granted to Prince Edward, later part of Duchy of Lancaster.
1263
Meeting of barons to demand Henry's adherence to Provisions of Oxford. Henry refuses and de Montfort's party take arms to subdue southern England.
Henry accepts barons' terms and later in the year declares his support for Provisions of Oxford and leaves for France.
1264
Henry and Prince Edward arrive in England and war against the barons begins.
de Montfort defeats Royalists, Henry captured, Edward taken hostage.
Peace of Canterbury: government reform confirmed.
Barons condemned by Louis lX and papal legatee – they are later excommunicated.
Royalists, led by Roger Mortimer, are still resisting in Welsh Marches. Simon de Montfort imposes terms.
1265
Prince Edward escapes from custody and joins Earl of Gloucester and Roger Mortimer.
De Montfort defeated and killed, Henry rescued.
1266
Beginning of first war for the independence of Wales - to 1277.
1267
Joan de Knoville sometime wife of Reynulph ap Adam granted manor of Penyard Regis, County Gloucester.
Earl of Gloucester quarrels with other royalists and occupies London with some of the rebels.
Statute of Marlborough: confirms laws in Provisions of Westminster and imposes legal obligation to observe Magna Carta.
1269
Monmouth lordship to Duchy of Lancaster. Anselm de Gurnay succeeds his father Robert.
1270
Prince Edward leaves for the Crusade.
1271
Edward reaches Acre on the Crusade.
1272
Henry lll dies 16 Nov.
1272
Edward l, 20 Nov
1275
Thomas Cantilupe to Bishopric of Hereford, dies in Italy 1280.
First parliament of Edward I's reign.
First regular customs duty imposed on exports of wool and leather.
1276
Edward l begins successful campaign against Llewelyn of Wales.
'Arthur's bones' reinterred at Glastonbury Abbey.
1280
John son of Reginald ab Adam starts to appear in records and by using ap(b) Adam institutes the surname. Bevis (Bogo) de Knovill is appointed Royal Justiciary for west Wales.
1284
Edward organises Round Table tournament at Nefyn, Wales.
1285
Statute of Westminster (ll) defines rights of heirs and limits on alienation of property and also introduces idea of entail.
1287
Remains of Thomas Cantilupe removed to Hereford Cathedral.
Revolt in south Wales.
King issues protection to John de Badeham going with Earl of Norfolk into Wales. John de Badham is owed 20 marks (C 241 /7/194)
1288
William ap Adam, Archer at Dryslwyn Castle, Carmarthenshire, West Wales.
Welsh revolt suppressed.
1290
Mappa Mundi drawn by Richard of Haldingham, prebendary of Hereford Cathedral.
1291
Edward meets Scottish magnates at Norham Castle; his right as overlord to decide succession to Scottish throne is recognised.
12 claimants to Scottish throne submit claims to Edward at Berwick.
1292
Edward declares John Balliol, King of Scotland (distant cousin of previous king).
Balliol pays homage to Edward.
Edward limits right to practise in law courts to those chosen by judges.
Legal education given to their apprentices by practitioners becomes standardised.
Inns of Chancery and Court develop as hostels and centres of learning (Strand Inn is first in 1294).
Roger Bygod, Earl of Norfolk and Earl Marshal of England makes first known grant to John ap Adam of property in Tidenham and permission for a park enclosure.
1294
Henry son of Reginald de Betesleye grants his land and part of the ferry to a Bristol Burgess.
1295
Inquisition Post Mortem of Gilbert The Red records that in Usk, Gwent, 180 burgages were burnt or empty and 104 houses ruinous through poverty as a result of war of independence. Similar at Trellech.
1296
First known use of Badham in a Patent roll dated 10 May.
Edward l invades Scotland and sacks Berwick.
John de Badeham/Badham is in Scotland with Roger Bygod, Earl Marshal and receives licence to entail estates of his wife Elizabeth Gurney whose mother Olivia Lovel has just died. Her estates include Redwyk and Northwick co Gloucester; East Hamptonet co Sussex; Harptree castle and manor and Barrow Gurney co Somerset.
Balliol abdicates Scottish throne. Edward makes progress to Elgin and on the way back takes Scots' coronation stone from Scone which was recently restored to Scotland with the establishment of the Scottish parliament. In this year Nicholas ap Adam is recorded as Lord of Llanllowel.
1297
Barons send list of grievances to Edward and forbid collection of tax without their consent.
Edward agrees to confirmation of the Charters (Magna Carta and Forest) adding clause promising no taxation without consent of whole kingdom.
23 June: Fine and recovery to entail the estates of Elizabeth, additionally lists manors of Purton and Beverstone, the priory of Bylewick Gloucestershire and manor of Cerncote, Wilts.
Trinity (summer) term, 'Johannes de Badham executor testamenti Johanne de Knoville' (Placita Coram Rege Roll).
King frees the Earl of Athol on mainprise of Hugh Mortimer, John ap Adam of Somerset, Guncelin de Badlesmere of Kent and others.
1298
John ap Adam sets out for Scotland with Hugh Despenser and no doubt a substantial force from his estates including the bowmen who were to have such an impact. He carries a letter of protection from the King.
Battle of Falkirk, John ap Adam's coat of arms recorded amongst those present.
Edward's army defeat Scots under Wallace; archers armed with longbow decide battle.
1299
John ap Adam summoned to Parliament creating, according to some, a barony.
1300
1300
Edward l campaigns unsuccessfully in Scotland.
Edward makes truce with Scots.
1301
John ap Adam seals Baron's letter to the Pope about the Scottish succession.
Edward l invests son Prince Edward with all royal lands in Wales and title Prince of Wales.
1302
Roger Bygod Earl of Norfolk surrenders his earldom to the King in exchange for a life tenancy and an extra £1,000 (20%) per year.
1303
Prince Edward to marry Isabella daughter of Philip lV of France following Treaty of Paris with France and England's recovery of Gascony.
1304
about - birth of Thomas ap Adam, Baron John's son.
1306
Prince Edward leads English army invasion of Scotland.
Edward l goes north to Lanercost, near Carlisle, now very ill, and Roger Bygod, Earl Marshal dies. Roger's estates revert to the King and not his brother, possibly as a result of a settlement to deal with enormous debts some of which, at least, may have been as a result of service with the King in the Scottish campaigns.
1307
Edward l dies at Burgh-upon-Sands, Solway.
1307
Edward ll, 8 July
1307
Edward ll leaves Scotland after a short campaign; makes favourite Piers Gaveston, a Gascon, Earl of Cornwall.
Bevis de Kovill the west Wales Justiciary dies.
1308
Edward ll dissolves Order of Knights Templar as ordered by the Pope.
Edward marries Isabella at Boulogne; Gaveston is made Regent.
Edward's coronation oath binds him to keep future laws and customs passed by consent of the realm.
Bruce defeats remaining Scottish enemies.
1309
24 Nov: Bevis de Knoville has indemnity for debts due the exchequer by his father and is involved constantly in the Scottish wars to 1315.
Parliament at Stanford: Gaveston allowed back in return for Edward ll's promise to reform administration.
Scots hold most of Scotland north of a line Forth to Clyde.
1310
Edward ll agrees to election of 21 Lords Ordainers to reform his household and government.
Edward and Gaveston fail to penetrate the north of Scotland.
Gilbert de Clare complains that Anthony, Bishop of Durham and others carried away his jewels, gold, silver... goods...charters and muniments from Tewkesbury Abbey. John ap Adam is one appointed to investigate.
1311
Death of Baron John ap Adam. The King apparently wanted to grant the wardship of John's son Thomas to his favourite, Hugh Despenser the Younger but the wardship settled on Ralph Monthermer who was partly based at Chepstow and formerly married to King Edward l's daughter Joan. He was known as Earl of Gloucester and Hertford, in right of Joan's estates, but by this time is married to Isabell de Hastings a daughter of Hugh Despenser the Elder, so there is still a Despenser family involvement.
Edward ll returns from Scotland.
Ordinances published in parliament: Edward's advisers plus Gaveston to be dismissed and barons to control King's affairs.
Edward and Gaveston spend Christmas together at Windsor.
1312
Edward prepares to fight barons led by Thomas, Earl of Lancaster his first cousin.
Gaveston captured at Scarborough and killed at Kenilworth by order of Lancaster and 3 other earls.
Edward agrees to pardon Lancaster and his party but they refuse to apologise.
1313
Barons apologise publicly to Edward and accept his pardon.
1314
After Edward's defeat by the Scots at Bannockburn the barons under Earl of Lancaster take charge.
1315
to 1317 – heavy rain ruins harvest: widespread famine. Thomas, the ward is about 10 years old.
1316
Edward ll confirms Ordinances and accepts Earl of Lancaster as Chief Councillor.
1317
Adam Orleton to Bishopric of Hereford. He is tightly involved with Mortimer his Marcher patron whose main base is at Wigmore, Herefordshire.
Scot's army ravages Ireland but loses support outside Ulster and abandons siege of Dublin.
Roger Mortimer becomes Justicar of Ireland and pushes Scots back to the north.
Edward openly hostile to Earl of Lancaster and reinstates favourites.
Earl of Pembroke, arguably, forms new (Middle) party, is pledged to maintain Ordinances and support Edward ll.
1318
Edward reconciled to Earl of Lancaster and Hugh Despenser, his new favourite, is made Chamberlain.
1320
Bishop Orleton succeeds in having Thomas Cantilupe canonised, beginning of pilgrimages to his shrine in Hereford Cathedral.
1321
Marcher lords resent increased power of Hugh Despenser, form alliance and seize Despenser lands in south Wales and parliament forces banishment of the two Despensers.
Edward raises an army and recalls the Despensers.
1322
Edward turns the tables at Boroughbridge and barons lose power. Lancaster declared a rebel and executed. Mortimer and other enemies of King punished.
Edward's favourites are reinstated and take revenge where they can. The Despensers father and son effectively establish a 'corrupt dictatorship'.
Ordinances repealed; Despensers given new lands; elder Hugh Despenser made Earl of Winchester.
1323
Edward ll makes 13-year truce with Scots.
Exchequer rolls and all government records reorganised.
Mortimer escapes from the Tower to exile in France.
1324
Thomas ap Adam, Baron John's heir is of age, becomes known as Sir Thomas.
Charles lV of France invades Gascony.
1325
Official seisin of Thomas's lands granted 4 Jul 1325 and on 25th he grants his manor of Monewden in Suffolk to Lady Isabella de Hastings his wardship 'mother'.
28 Jul: Thomas demises manor of Purton to John de Walton.
Queen Isabella goes to France to negotiate truce with Charles lV; later Prince Edward joins her to pay homage for Gascony.
Isabella and Mortimer become lovers.
Isabella refuses to return with son unless Despensers are removed from power.
1326
Queen Isabella and Mortimer invade England and rule the kingdom, ousting the Despensers. Sir Thomas ap Adam, perhaps taking advantage of the power shift, complains in Chancery that his castle of Beverstone had been broken into and wrecked and that 70 charters had been stolen. Beverstone is close to Berkeley and hence vulnerable to the ups and downs of the battle between the barons and the King and his favourites.
Assembly of barons at Bristol announce Prince Edward as Keeper of the Realm in place of King.
Elder Despenser captured at Bristol and executed.
Edward ll and younger Despenser captured at Neath Abbey and younger Despenser executed.
1327
Orleton translated to bishopric of Worcester.
Edward ll imprisoned in Kenilworth Castle: abdicates.
1327
Edward lll, 25 Jan
1327
Edward ll imprisoned in Berkeley Castle - is allegedly murdered by Thomas de Gurney.
Mortimer and Queen Isabella control administration.
1328
Thomas ap Adam, Lord of Beverstone, grants lands and tenements in Tickenham, Somerset to sons. Thomas ap Adam (le Fitz?) and Fulk ap Adam. Presumed illegitimate sons. Thomas senior is only about 24 so these are children.
England ratifies treaty drawn up in Edinburgh and Robert Bruce recognised as King of Scotland.
Mortimer makes himself Earl of March.
4 May: Thomas grants Manor of Purton by Lydney to William de Cheltenham.
1329
8 May: Sir Thomas ap Adam acknowledges £100 owed to Miles de Rodbergh (£45,000 in 2010).
4 June: 'for settlement of divers disputes' over land Thomas executes a complex deed with Sir Thomas de Gurney son of Hugh, which appears to give more to de Gurney than Thomas gets in return, so there may have been more debts here.
28 Aug: he also quitclaims a holding in Beverston to Hugh son of Hugh de Gurney.
24 June: similar acknowledgement to Sir John Inge for £700 to whom, before or after this, in the same year he demised lands inherited from his grandmother, Joan de Knoville at Penyard and La Lee in the Forest of Dean. This grant may also be a marriage settlement for his son Thomas le Fitz who later married a daughter (step?) of John Inge. Total debts recorded here amount to equivalent of about £360,000 at today's prices.
1330
Edmund, Earl of Kent son of Edward l, executed for opposing Mortimer and Queen Isabella.
Edward lll seizes and executes Mortimer at Nottingham.
In this year Sir Thomas (III), Lord Berkeley buys Thomas ap Adam's major holdings, the 'manors of Barewe (Barrow Gurney) Beverston and all the lordships he has in counties of Gloucester and Somerset and later the same year reversion of Monewden, Suffolk.
1331
Chancery records show Sir Thomas ap Adam complaining further that his wife was stolen away from him and goods stolen by Thomas de Gurney son of Hugh and others and still withhold his wife.
1333
Bishop Orleton moves again, to diocese of Winchester.
1334
Thomas ap Adam's arms appear on an Ashmole Roll. (Bodlein MS Ash Rolls 19)
27 Jan: Elias de Aylbrighton and Joan his wife release for themselves and their heirs any interest in manors of Ovre and Beverston in exchange for £100 (about £55,000 in 2010).
3 June: Nicholas of Magor is absolved by Bishop of Worcester from suspension for marrying Joan Abadam dau of Lord John to Elias de Ailberton outside the parish church without calling banns.
1338
Hundred Years War with France begins.
1344
John de Trilleck, nephew of Adam Orleton becomes Bishop of Hereford until he dies in 1361.
1349
to 1350 - Black Death in England and Wales, kills about a quarter of the population of Wales. Rents from Lordship of Abergavenny down two-thirds. This may account for all the deaths in the Inge Basset family and of Thomas ap Adam le Fitz.
1350
Thomas (III) Lord Berkeley grants Beachley estate and ferry back to Thomas ap Adam at rent of 10 marks p.a. A mark is two-thirds of a pound i.e. 160d and 10 marks (£6 13s 4d) nowadays about £3,000 which seems a generous grant and is permanent to Thomas's heirs.
1356
French lose severely at Battle of Poitiers.
1360
Approx. time of the birth of the Chronicler Adam Usk.
1362
Ordered that proceedings in law courts be in English.
1375
John ap Adam a younger son of Sir Thomas ap Adam as eventual heir to his father confirms sale by his father of Beverston, Over and Barrow Gurney releasing any rights to Katherine de Berkeley, Lady of Wotton and John de Berkeley and their heirs, remainder to Thomas de Berkeley. In the same year we have the earliest known record so far, of an ap Adam (William) holding land in Hereford City, in Guldforde Street and Hugh de Rodebergh quitclaims manor of Cerncote from a life interest presumably the end of the debt settlement from 46 years ago (see 1329).
1377
Richard ll, 22 June
1381
Peasants' Revolt, John Ball, Lollard priest uses 'When Adam delved and Eve span, who then was the gentleman?'
1387
Battle of Radcot Bridge, the King's supporters lose, one example only of the continuing struggle between barons and Crown. Power shifts back to the King in 1389.
1399
Richard upsets Henry of Lancaster banished in France by seizing the Lancastrian estates upon the death of John of Gaunt. As a result Richard is deserted, captured and abdicates.
1399
HOUSE OF LANCASTER
Henry lV, 30 Sept
Henry made King by Parliamentary Grant.
1400
1400
Richard ex the Second 'dies' at Pontefract.
1402
Glendower uprisings to 1409.
1413
John ap Adam incumbent at Aconbury parish, Herefordshire.
1414
John ap Adam and Margaret his wife of Llanllowel sell Sherncote to Thomas (IV) Lord Berkeley
1417
Sir John Oldcastle whose home is near Ewyas Lacy, Herefordshire and who is leader of the Lollards is executed for heresy.
1418
Probably the same John ap Adam (1413) is incumbent at Llanrothal, right on the River Monnow bordering Gwent, a few miles from Ewyas Lacy.
1413
Henry V, 21 Mar
1415
William ap Thomas (Herbert) of Raglan at Battle of Agincourt with Davy Gam his father-in-law.
1422
Henry Vl, 1 Sept
1424
20 Nov: death of John ap Adam, son of John above (1375) last of the baronial male line. John's sister Elizabeth is his heiress and marries Thomlyn Huntley.
1426
William ap Thomas (Herbert) knighted.
1429
Adam Usk dies, mentions his kinsman Edward ap Adam in his will.
1447
Duke of Gloucester dies in captivity soon to be followed by his rival the Duke of Beaufort.
1455
'Wars of the Roses' civil war, between York and Lancastrian parties, breaks out.
1467
Thomas ap Adam is incumbent at Bridenbury near Bromyard, Herefordshire.
1461
HOUSE OF YORK
Edward lV, 4 Mar
Following defeat of the Lancastrians at Mortimers Cross, Herefordshire (near Wigmore). By 1463 Wales alone is holding out for Henry Vl.
1468
William son of William ap Thomas (Herbert) created Earl of Pembroke.
1469
William (Herbert) Earl of Pembroke on the wrong side at the battle of Banbury and beheaded by the victorious Lancastrians.
1470
Henry Vl restored by 'Kingmaker' Earl of Warwick.
1471
Henry Vl dies mysteriously in the tower leaving Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond sole Lancastrian claimant to the throne.
1483
Edward V, 9 Apr
1483
Richard lll, 26 Jun
1485
HOUSE OF TUDOR
Henry Vll, 22 Aug
Defeat of Richard lll at Bosworth by Henry Tudor. A large increase in Welsh influence at court is one outcome.
1487
Court of Star Chamber established which by 1504 covers almost every crime. The records are in The National Archives and continue to the court's abolition in 1641.
1500
1509
Henry Vlll, 22 Apr
First calendared and indexed example of Feet of Fines series which are about ownership of land and property. Indexed calendars continue at least to 1798.
1509
Walter ap Adam/Badham, Groom of the Chamber gets his 'Watchyng' clothing for the lying in state of Henry Vll and the grant of the tolls of Knighton.
1513
Defeat of French at Battle of Spurs at Guinegate. Walter is present. In the same year the invading Scots are defeated at Flodden with the loss of 10,000 men.
1516
Charles Booth - Bishop of Hereford, whose family are later described as kinsmen to the Badhams of Breinton. Walter Badham, page of the Chamber is granted tolls of Knighton. Perhaps son of first grantee?
1519
Walter appointed Ranger, Forest of Dean.
1520
Henry tries out peace with France and the two monarchs meet in France at the Field of Cloth of the Gold and Walter is present in the Royal entourage.
1531
Wolsey falls and dies on the way to his execution - he had brief connection with Hereford Cathedral holding a prebend there for a while but possibly absent. Last year in which Walter appears in calendars of State papers.
1533
Henry secretly marries Ann Boleyn.
1534
Henry Vlll breaks with Rome and declares himself the 'only supreme head on earth of the Church of England'.
1535
The moves to suppress the monasteries and chantries is underway. Richard Badam inducted as Vicar of Dormington, Herefordshire.
1536
First of the Acts which unified Wales with the English system of administration and inter alia produced the boundaries of the counties and country more or less as we know them today.
1538
Mandate to record each marriage, christening and burial to be recorded weekly by the parson, witnessed by the churchwarden and a 'sure coffer' to be provided, one key for parson, one for the churchwarden.
1543
Last of the Acts of Union of England and Wales.
1547
Edward Vl, 28 Jan
1551
Death of Walter Badham Groom of the Chamber.
1552
Churchwardens empowered to collect in their parishes for the relief of the poor. This was the beginning of parish relief and the Poor Laws a process which was to continue to 1948 in one form or another and produced vast quantities of records
1553
Mary, 6 Jul
Mass restored, but not papal supremacy or church lands.
1554
Philip and Mary, 25 Jul
1556
John Badham pluralist vicar in Herefordshire gets his first parish at Dormington. He later adds Bartestree, Weston Beggard, Dixton, Humber, Sutton St Nicholas, Bridstow and sequentially the prebends of Pratum Minor and Putson. Possibly son of Richard (1535)?
1558
Loss of Calais and death of Mary.
1558
Elizabeth l, 17 Nov
1575
Reference to William Badam of Cwmwdig, Pembrokeshire.
1598
Parish Register Books Order - all loose-leaf parish records of BMDs to be transcribed into bound books to be kept in the Parish Chest (see 1538) especially those since 1558. Incumbents required to send transcripts of all BMDs to the diocesan bishop each Easter (Bishops Transcripts).
1600
1603
HOUSE OF STUART
James l of England and
Vl of Scotland, 24 Mar
1606
Virginia Company founded by Royal Charter, the first settlement in the colony being at Jamestown.
1625
Charles l, 27 Mar
1635
John Baddam age 40 arrives in Virginia.
1639
Margaret and another John Badham arrive in Virginia, perhaps John's family?
1641
To 1642: Protestation Oath Returns, a kind of petition organised by Parliament against 'an arbitrary and tyranical Government' (records at the House of Lords).
1642
Aug. Civil War begins – Royalist capital is Oxford.
1644
To 1645: Birth dates as well as parents to be recorded at baptisms, also date of death as well as burial (often ignored).
1646
July, first civil war ends
1648
Second civil war starts.
1649
Charles l executed 30 Jan.
1649
COMMONWEALTH
1653
Commonwealth Registration Act. Parish registers officially transferred from parson to the government in the form of a locally appointed registrar and a one shilling fee introduced thus reducing the level of registration!
1654
Marriages become responsibility of Justices of the Peace and as a result couples marrying in church did not register. This and above Act repealed at the Restoration.
1655
Will of William Badhams listed in Prerogative Court of Armagh in Ireland.
1660
Restoration of STUARTS
Charles ll
(Regnal years counted from death of his father. 1660 is therefore year 12 and counts from 29th May. 1661 starts from 30 Jan.)
1660
Interregnum ends 8 May 1660
John Badham appointed Vicar Choral and Organist at Hereford Cathedral - dies 1688. New organ to replace one destroyed by puritans, just completed before his death.
1666
Feb 1: King and his Court return to London after the plague.
1666
Sept 2-6: Great Fire of London.
1667
First Act for compulsory burial in wool. Second Act in 1678 requires relatives to sign affidavit recorded in the parish register.
1676
Compton Census - The church Provinces of Canterbury and York count numbers of communicants. Sometimes returns include names and family details, but vary considerably in content and form.
1685
James ll, 6 Feb
Duke of Monmouth's rebellion, an attempt to depose Catholic James ll.
1688
William of Orange lands in Torbay, James ll leaves for France. Interregnum 12 Dec to 12 Feb 1689.
1689
William and Mary ll
13 Feb
1694
William lll (of Orange)
28 Dec
1694
Tax on registration of BMDs 'means tested'. Also all births to be notified to parson for sixpenny fee because of increase in nonconformist baptism reducing parsons' income.
1696
Association Oath Rolls - oaths of loyalty to Crown required from public officials but also taken by others of substance.
1700
1702
Anne, 8 Mar
1711
Act ordering proper ruled and page-numbered register books to be used.
1714
HOUSE OF HANOVER
George l, 1 Aug
1715
First Jacobite uprising.
1727
George ll, 11 June
1735
Law forbidding entering of information in parish registers in latin.
1737
Benjamin Badham instituted Vicar of Lyonshall, Herefordshire. Dies 1742.
1745
Second Jacobite uprising. Elizabeth Badham describes London rejoicing after Battle of Culloden the following year.
1748
Elizabeth Badham describes the fire in Exchange Alley, London.
1752
Gregorian Calendar is out by 11 days from the solar year and this was corrected by making the 3rd Sept the 14th.
1753
Year starts on 1 Jan instead of Lady Day - 25th March, as it had previously. Before this, dates in Jan, Feb and March were recorded as in the previous year and hence the double year notation system, e.g. 1742/3 in the three months 1 Jan to 24 March of 1743. If double notation not used these would be written 1 Jan 1742, etc.
1754
Hardwick Marriage Act (England and Wales) inter alia, improves the recording of marriages, aimed at reducing clandestine marriages. Minors to obtain consent of parents or guardians. Bound specially printed forms to be used.
1760
George lll, 25 Oct
1782
Home Office Records begin - law and order including transportation, police, aliens, naturalisation.
1788
Penal colony of New South Wales initiated.
1800
1800
5 April: Charles Badham marries Margaret Campbell first wife in Edinburgh. He later became Physician to the Duke of Sussex and Professor of Physic at the University of Glasgow 1827.
1803
First British missionaries reach New Zealand.
1807
Act to abolish the slave trade.
1811
Regency from 6 Feb
1812
Roses Act – printed books for parish registers for baptism and burial in addition to the marriage format from the Hardwick Act (1754).
1816
Joseph Badham from Holmer, Herefordshire reaches Hull, Canada with imported Hereford cattle.
1818
Two Thomas Badhams arrive in NSW transported to serve fourteen and seven years.
1820
George lV, 29 Jan
1822
Charles Badham, Physician to the Duke of Sussex, one of a committee urging the adoption of vaccination against smallpox.
1823
Marriage Act, declaring clandestine marriages valid but the officiating minister a felon.
1830
William lV, 26 June
1833
Slavery abolished but with a long implementation period lasting to 1838.
1837
Victoria, 20 June
1837
Beginning of Civil Registration of Births Marriages and Deaths.
1841
First detailed UK decenial census.
1847
First edition of 'Esculent Funguses' by C David Badham son of Charles (1822) and Margaret née Campbell.
1847
about - birth of Hannibal Badham a carpenter who built houses and churches in Edenton, North Carolina, USA, which still stand. He was a member of a prominent black family.
1857
First divorce other than by Act of Parliament.
1858
Civil system of probate courts set up, taking over this function from the Church of England.
1861
12 Apr: Civil war starts in USA.
1863
1 Jan: in USA proclamation to emancipate the slaves comes into force.
1865
Parliament abolishes transportation of criminals to the colonies and USA Civil war ends.
1867
Charles Badham, younger, full brother of C David Badham above becomes Professor of Classics and Logic at Sydney University, NSW.
1874
Forster William Badham marries Margaret Sefton. By 1882 has 586 acres (237.1 ha) worth £4,292 in Orari in the Canterbury district of South Island, New Zealand near town of Timaru.
1882
First shipment of frozen New Zealand lamb leaves Timaru.
1900
1902
HOUSE OF SAXE- COBERG AND GOTHA
Edward Vll, 22 Jan
1910
George V, 6 May
1917
HOUSE OF WINDSOR
Declared by George V and privy council thus dropping the surname of Prince Albert, Queen Victoria's Consort.
1926
First Adoption of Children Act.
1927
Register of Adopted Children started under the Registrar General.
1936
Edward VIII, 20 Jan
1936
George VI, 11 Dec
1952
Elizabeth II, 6 Feb
1999
Badham One Name Society formed.
2000
©Peter Badham
June 2012